{"id":161457,"date":"2025-10-07T19:47:25","date_gmt":"2025-10-07T19:47:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/?p=161457"},"modified":"2026-10-07T17:47:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T17:47:27","slug":"vyznam-a-vyznamy-tornad-v-ceskych-podminkach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/?p=161457","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdznam a v\u00fdznamy torn\u00e1d v \u010desk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Torn\u00e1da jsou extr\u00e9mn\u011b siln\u00e9 v\u00edtrov\u00e9 jevy, kter\u00e9 se v \u010cesku vyskytuj\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u011b, ale jejich dopady na krajinu i lidsk\u00e9 aktivity mohou b\u00fdt devastuj\u00edc\u00ed. Na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch bou\u0159ek, kter\u00e9 se pohybuj\u00ed rychle a trvaj\u00ed kr\u00e1tce, torn\u00e1da b\u00fdvaj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b destruktivn\u00ed a dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed. V minulosti se v \u010desk\u00fdch oblastech, zejm\u00e9na v n\u00ed\u017ein\u00e1ch a na okraj\u00edch les\u016f, objevovaly p\u0159\u00edpady torn\u00e1d, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto zas\u00e1hla zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 pole, stavby a dopravn\u00ed komunikace. Podle historick\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f z 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 o vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 jevy, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost od meteorolog\u016f i ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>V sou\u010dasnosti je na \u010desk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed aktivn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed pozorovac\u00edch stanic, v\u010detn\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/wildtornado.cz\/\">wildtornado.cz<\/a>, kter\u00e1 monitoruje v\u00fdskyt torn\u00e1d a dokumentuje jejich pr\u016fb\u011bh. Tato platforma slou\u017e\u00ed nejen k sb\u011bru dat, ale tak\u00e9 k vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti. Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady torn\u00e1d v \u010cesku pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad torn\u00e1dov\u00e9 bou\u0159e z roku 1990, kter\u00e9 zas\u00e1hly st\u0159edn\u00ed Moravu a zp\u016fsobily rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u0161kody, nebo torn\u00e1dov\u00e9 jevy z roku 2013, kdy se v okol\u00ed Brna a Olomouce objevily siln\u00e9 v\u00edtrov\u00e9 bou\u0159e s torn\u00e1dov\u00fdmi strukturou.<\/p>\n<p>Podle statistik se torn\u00e1da v \u010cesku vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jednou za deset let, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko je v obdob\u00ed od dubna do \u010dervna, kdy je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed aktivita bou\u0159kov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. V posledn\u00edch letech v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k pozoruhodn\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu po\u010dtu z\u00e1znam\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt spojeno s lep\u0161\u00edmi technologick\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi pro detekci torn\u00e1d a tak\u00e9 s klimatick\u00fdmi zm\u011bnami, kter\u00e9 mohou ovliv\u0148ovat frekvenci extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f. V sou\u010dasnosti je nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oblast\u00ed pro torn\u00e1da ji\u017en\u00ed Morava a Slezsko, kde se vyskytuj\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech republiky.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy torn\u00e1d a jejich charakteristika<\/h2>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina torn\u00e1d v \u010cesku spad\u00e1 do kategorii F0 a\u017e F3 na skali Fujity, kter\u00e1 klasifikuje torn\u00e1da podle jejich s\u00edly. Torn\u00e1da F0 a F1 jsou m\u00e9n\u011b destruktivn\u00ed a obvykle zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed strom\u016f a lehk\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed, zat\u00edmco torn\u00e1da F2 a F3 mohou zni\u010dit domy, zni\u010dit zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 plochy a zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kody na dopravn\u00edch komunikac\u00edch. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed torn\u00e1dov\u00e1 jevy v \u010cesku se v\u0161ak vyskytuj\u00ed ve form\u011b supercel, kter\u00e9 mohou trvat n\u011bkolik hodin a zp\u016fsobit rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u0161kody na rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch oblastech.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f siln\u00e9ho torn\u00e1dov\u00e9ho jevu byl torn\u00e1dov\u00fd v\u00edtr v roce 1990 v okol\u00ed Olomouce, kter\u00fd dos\u00e1hl rychlosti p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 100 km\/h. Tento jev zp\u016fsobil zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody na budov\u00e1ch, stromech a dopravn\u00edch komunikac\u00edch. Dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je torn\u00e1dov\u00e1 bou\u0159e z roku 2013, kter\u00e1 zas\u00e1hla oblast Brna a Olomouce, kde byly zaznamen\u00e1ny rychlosti v\u00edtr\u016f a\u017e 150 km\/h. Tyto jevy ukazuj\u00ed, jak siln\u00e9 torn\u00e1da mohou b\u00fdt a jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraven na jejich v\u00fdskyt.<\/p>\n<h2>Rizika spojen\u00e1 s torn\u00e1dy a jak se jim vyhnout<\/h2>\n<p>Torn\u00e1da p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro \u017eivot a majetek, proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zn\u00e1t z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla pro ochranu p\u0159ed nimi. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdskytu torn\u00e1dov\u00e9ho jevu je nutn\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b opustit otev\u0159en\u00e9 prostory a naj\u00edt se do pevn\u00e9 budovy, nejl\u00e9pe do podkrov\u00ed nebo schodi\u0161t\u011b. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se nach\u00e1z\u00edte v otev\u0159en\u00e9 oblasti, je vhodn\u00e9 se schovat do n\u00edzk\u00e9ho objektu, nap\u0159\u00edklad do sklepa nebo do auta, kter\u00e9 je lep\u0161\u00ed opustit a naj\u00edt se do budovy. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nem\u00e1te mo\u017enost se schovat, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se vzd\u00e1lit od strom\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt zasa\u017eeny torn\u00e1dem.<\/p>\n<p>D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ochrany p\u0159ed torn\u00e1dem je tak\u00e9 informov\u00e1n\u00ed se o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. D\u00edky rozvoji technologi\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat informace o v\u00fdskytu torn\u00e1d v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, a to jak p\u0159es tradi\u010dn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby, tak i p\u0159es specializovan\u00e9 port\u00e1ly, jako je wildtornado.cz. Tyto zdroje poskytuj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed mapy bou\u0159kov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed torn\u00e1dov\u00fdmi jevy, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje rychle reagovat a minimalizovat rizika.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V \u010cesku se torn\u00e1da vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jednou za deset let.<\/li>\n<li>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko torn\u00e1d je v obdob\u00ed od dubna do \u010dervna.<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sk\u00e1la pro klasifikaci torn\u00e1d je sk\u00e1la Fujity s kategorie F0 a\u017e F3.<\/li>\n<li>Siln\u00e9 torn\u00e1da mohou dosahovat rychlost\u00ed v\u00edtr\u016f a\u017e 150 km\/h.<\/li>\n<li>Nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oblasti pro torn\u00e1da jsou ji\u017en\u00ed Morava a Slezsko.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Torn\u00e1da jsou extr\u00e9mn\u011b siln\u00e9 v\u00edtrov\u00e9 jevy, kter\u00e9 se v \u010cesku vyskytuj\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u011b, ale jejich dopady na krajinu i lidsk\u00e9 aktivity mohou b\u00fdt devastuj\u00edc\u00ed. Na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch bou\u0159ek, kter\u00e9 se pohybuj\u00ed rychle a trvaj\u00ed kr\u00e1tce, torn\u00e1da b\u00fdvaj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b destruktivn\u00ed a dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed. V minulosti se v \u010desk\u00fdch oblastech, zejm\u00e9na v n\u00ed\u017ein\u00e1ch a na okraj\u00edch les\u016f, objevovaly [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":126,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-161457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/161457","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/126"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=161457"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/161457\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=161457"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=161457"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.manxin.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=161457"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}